Table 2 Standardized terms for US and MRI in PAS imaging assessment
From: Primary and secondary postpartum haemorrhage: a review for a rationale endovascular approach
US AND DOPPLER US | MRI |
|---|---|
Loss of the 'clear zone' (absence or irregularity of the hypoechoic plane in the myometrium beneath the placental bed) | Heterogeneous Placenta |
Abnormal placental lacunae | Placental Bulge |
Bladder wall interruption | Dark Intraplacental Bands (hypointensity with a linear appearance, visible on T2W images) |
Myometrial thinning (< 1 mm) | Placental Ischemic Infarction (areas of increased signal intensity on T2W images and decreased signal intensity on T1W images) |
Placental bulge (deviation of the uterine serosa) | Loss of Retroplacental Dark Zone |
Focal exophytic mass | Myometrial Thinning (< 1 mm observed on T2W images) |
Uterovesical hypervascularity | Bladder Wall Interruption |
Subplacental hypervascularity | Focal Exophytic Mass |
Bridging vessels (traversing the myometrium and extending beyond the serosa) | Abnormal Vascularization of the Placental Bed |
Placental lacunae feeder vessels | |
Intraplacental hypervascularity |