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CVIR Endovascular
Fig. 9 | CVIR Endovascular

Fig. 9

From: Standardizing lymphangiography and lymphatic interventions: a preclinical in vivo approach with detailed procedural steps

Fig. 9

Illustration of cervical INE under fluoroscopy guidance. After prior lipiodol-based lymphangiography, the target lymph node in the right neck (*) was punctured using a 22-gauge Chiba needle under fluoroscopy (A). Make the needle tip at the center of the lymph node and remove the stylet; then, inject 1 ml lipiodol through the trocar to confirm the eligible needle position, where the efferent lymphatic vessel (white arrowhead) would be gradually visualized but without obvious peripheral extravasation (B). After confirmation, inject 4 ml NBCA/lipiodol mixture (1:4) until glue stasis (C). Afterwards, the CBCT was implemented to present the spatial details of the embolized lymph nodes (*) and efferent lymphatic vessels (white arrowheads) (D). Images were from Pig No. 10. Abbreviations: INE, intranodal embolization; NBCA, N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate; CBCT, cone-beam computed tomography

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