Fig. 3

Angiogram in Case 2 showing high-flow AVMs in the right upper lip that were fed mainly by mainly bilateral SLab As from bilateral FAs and which drained into the right facial and angular veins. The lesion was diagnosed in accordance with Cho’s classification as type IIIa AVM. (a) Fat-saturated T2WI MRI showing high-signal intensity with multiple flow voids in the upper lip before treatment. (b) Fat-saturated T2WI MRI 3 months after the last embolization session showing regression of the soft tissue swelling and disappearance of the flow voids. (c) Right external carotid arteriogram, lateral view, before the first embolization session. (d) Right external carotid arteriogram showing partial devascularization of the AVM after embolization of the right SLab A during the first session. (e) Left external carotid arteriogram, lateral view, before the second embolization session showing residual AVMs fed by the SLab A (white arrow). (f) The microcatheter was navigated into the distal feeder from the left SLab A in the second embolization session. (g) Angiogram, lateral view, showing the nBCA injection under flow control. The nBCA-lipiodol mixture filled the shunting points and the distal draining veins. (h) Left external carotid arteriogram showing that the AVMs near-completely disappeared after embolization of the left SLab A during the second session