Fig. 1

Case 1. A, B Preprocedural enhanced computed tomography images. C The transradial approach. The black arrow shows the 0.035-inch guidewire used to introduce the guiding sheath. D Control angiography showed a total occlusion of the left common iliac artery. E A 0.014-inch guidewire with a 5Fr angled support catheter and a 6Fr guiding sheath was advanced into the chronic total occlusion lesion. The white arrow on upper right shows the tip of the guiding sheath. The black arrow on upper left shows the 5Fr angled support catheter. The white arrow on lower left shows the 2.6Fr microcatheter. The black arrow on lower right shows the antegrade guidewire. F An antegrade guidewire was advanced to the distal external iliac artery (EIA). G The black arrow shows the antegrade guidewire with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). H IVUS findings in the distal EIA. The white arrow shows the antegrade IVUS in the subintimal space. The yellow arrow shows the true lumen. The green arrow shows the subintimal space. I IVUS findings in the proximal EIA. The white arrow shows the antegrade IVUS. The yellow arrow shows the true lumen