Deep venous stenting in females

CVIR Endovascular

Table 1 Lower extremity venous stenting indications

Clinical condition	Clinical findings	Imaging	Recommendation	Reference
Acute IF DVT Ilio-Femoral Deep Vein Thrombosis	Swollen tense leg	IF DVT +	Thrombectomy/Stent	CLEAR DVT
Acute IF DVT Ilio-Femoral Deep Vein Thrombosis	Swollen tense leg	Caus. stenosis		(Contemporary Endovascular Therapies in Treatment of Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis (CLEAR-DVT), n.d.)
Acute IF DVT	Minimal	IF DVT+/-	Anticoagulation only	ATTRACT
Acute IF DVT	Minimal	Caus. stenosis		(Vedantham et al., 2017)
PTS Post Thrombotic Syndrome	Leg ulcer	Scarred/Occl iliac v.	Stent	(de Graaf et al., 2013; Mussa et al., 2007; Hartung et al., 2009)
PTS	Minimal swelling	Scarred/Occl iliac v.	Stockings Anticoagulation	(Raju et al., 2002)
Pelvic Vein Congestion	Minimal	Stenosis L CIV	Assess degree of stenosis	Pappas (Sulakvelidze et al., 2021)
Rapidly recurrent Leg Varices	Obvious varicose Veins	Stenosis CIV	Assess degree of stenosis; +/- stent	Raju (2002)
HfPEF Heart Failure Preserved Ejection Fraction	Shortness of Breath	IVC occlusion	IVC stent	Morris (Morris et al., 2020)
Cancer	Swollen Legs	Lymph nodes	Stent	(O'Sullivan et al., 2015)
“Lymphoedema”	Swollen Legs	all normal	Manual Lymphatic Drainage	Gasparis (Gasparis et al., 2020)