Fig. 3

a Early and b late arterial phase angiography in a 22-year old patient with recurrent hemarthrosis and previous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction demonstrates hypervascular synovium predominantly fed by the descending genicular / superior medial geniculate (long arrow) and inferior lateral geniculate arteries (short arrow). Selective angiographic runs of the inferior lateral geniculate artery c before and d after embolization demonstrates a marked reduction in vascularity following embolization with 150–250 μm PVA particles (pruning). Two further vessels were also treated (not shown)